According to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research NIDCR , BMS symptoms include a burning, tingling sensation that may affect the tongue, the roof of the mouth, the gums, the inside of the cheeks, and the back of the mouth or throat. This condition is also known as "burning tongue syndrome," "scalded mouth syndrome," "glossodynia," and "stomatodynia. Once burning tongue syndrome begins, it can persist from short durations of time up to many years.
While anyone can be affected, a BMS diagnosis is more prevalent in women during and after menopause. Individuals afflicted with BMS may wake up with no symptoms only to find painful, burning sensations grow progressively worse throughout the day.
Additional symptoms of BMS may include dry mouth, altered taste, difficulty sleeping, mood changes, anxiety, and depression.
Then you and your healthcare provider can work together to implement the most appropriate treatment solutions. When your mouth does not have enough saliva, you get that dry, uncomfortable, sticky feeling known as dry mouth xerostomia. This is an oral condition caused by different factors, such as diseases that affect the salivary glands, over medications, or natural hormonal changes. Chronic dry mouth can contribute to burning, tingling or sensation, or soreness in your mouth. Nutritional deficiencies may also contribute to your symptoms.
Deficiencies of vitamin B and minerals, such as iron and zinc, can contribute to a burnt tongue sensation. Ensure you're eating a well-balanced diet, including fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, dairy, nuts, seeds, and healthy proteins. Talk to your doctor before taking nutritional supplements. Acidic beverages such as soft drinks, hot spicy foods, overzealous brushing of your tongue, and overusing your mouthwash can irritate your mouth.
If you're experiencing a burning sensation in your mouth, try to drink fewer irritating beverages. Talk to your dental professional about your oral hygiene habits to see if they could be the culprit of the irritation. One of the possible causes of the burning tongue is the use of certain medications associated with dry mouth and burning tongue syndrome. These medications include anti-depressants and ACE inhibitors.
Interestingly, antidepressants are sometimes used to treat BMS, so check with your medical professional before making any changes to your medication regimen.
Some drugs may cause soreness and dryness of the mouth. Inform your dental or medical professional if you're experiencing side effects due to medications. The burning tongue feeling can also be caused by another oral health condition, known as candidiasis or thrush a fungal infection in the mouth or geographic tongue a condition where the surface of your tongue develops a map-like appearance.
Geographic tongue is not associated with any long-term health conditions but can sometimes become inflamed and painful. Your dental professional can diagnose and provide options to reduce the pain and discomfort. While some of the possible causes of burning tongue are easier to identify, others are hard to pinpoint.
If your dental professional determines that no apparent conditions are causing burning mouth symptoms, discuss your medical history with your physician. A comprehensive medical examination will review whether any underlying diseases may be contributing to your symptoms.
This includes diabetes, thyroid disease, Sjogren's syndrome , or other conditions associated with menopause, allergies, or acid reflux. But by avoiding tobacco, acidic foods, spicy foods and carbonated beverages, and excessive stress, you may be able to reduce the discomfort from burning mouth syndrome or prevent your discomfort from feeling worse. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission.
This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Burning mouth syndrome is the medical term for ongoing chronic or recurrent burning in the mouth without an obvious cause. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic.
Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Brown AB. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Burning mouth syndrome. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Accessed Jan. American Academy of Oral Medicine. Feller L, et al. Burning mouth syndrome: Aetiopathogenesis and principles of management. Pain Research and Management. Yoo HS, et al. The role of psychological factors in the development of burning mouth syndrome.
Internal Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Burning mouth syndrome adult. Rochester, Minn. You should always go to a doctor for second-degree and third-degree burns. A burn of the tongue can also destroy taste buds, creating a lack of sensation where the burn occurred.
This is typically a short-term complication because your taste buds typically regenerate about every two weeks. If you have BMS, the severe, untreatable pain can sometimes lead to feelings of depression and anxiety. Redness, swelling, and blistering are signs of a tongue burn. Your doctor can likely diagnose the degree of the condition by simply examining your tongue.
Your doctor will examine your mouth and ask you about your oral care habits to see if any habits, such as overusing mouthwash or brushing your teeth excessively hard, are causing your symptoms. Initial treatment for a burn of the tongue should include basic first aid. Your doctor should evaluate burns that exhibit the signs and symptoms of second-degree or third-degree burns. Signs of infection may include:. Although there are no medically approved treatments specifically for BMS, pain management specialists have found the following treatments to be effective in some cases:.
Treating secondary causes are key to managing symptoms. For example, if your current medication is causing dry mouth, your doctor may suggest another prescription. A primary tongue burn can heal in about two weeks or less without specific treatment.
However, some burns can last up to six weeks depending on the cause and severity. BMS can persist for months or even years. It can be difficult to manage. Some studies suggest only 3 out of 10 people find improvement with treatment. You can prevent a primary tongue burn by testing the temperature of hot liquids and food before eating or drinking.
Beverages or food heated in a microwave may not heat evenly, therefore you should use extra caution. You may be able to reduce the burning sensation by reducing stress and avoiding tobacco and certain types of foods and drinks.
These include carbonated beverages, acidic foods, and spicy foods. A tongue bump or sore can be caused by various conditions, ranging from enlarged papillae to mouth cancer. Find out what these bumps mean and how to…. Learn about the types, causes, and diagnosis of tongue problems. A tingling tongue usually isn't anything to worry about and will clear up soon.
But what if it doesn't?
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